Statistical beamforming is an important technique for multi-user massive MIMO downlink, since it depends on the downlink channel covariance only. In this paper, we first derive an explicit analytical sum-rate expression for generic channel covariance-based beamforming scheme. Then, a low-complexity joint statistical beamforming and user scheduling algorithm via greedy search is proposed, where the beamforming is based on the signal-to-leakage-and-noise-ratio (SLNR) for closed-form design and tractable analysis, while the user scheduling is based on the derived sum-rate expression. Further, with the help of large-scale asymptotic simplifications and the introduction of the interference user number parameter, a simple analytical sum-rate expression of the joint algorithm is derived for channels with flat power beam spectrum. The expression explicitly exhibits the sum-rate behavior with respect to different network parameters and captures the effect of sum-rate-based user scheduling. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify our analytical results and to show the advantage of the proposed joint design compared with existing schemes.

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